Instructions for Theraflu Extratab
Pharmacological properties Theraflu Extratab:
Combined drug for the treatment of colds. It has antipyretic, anti-edematous, analgesic and anti-allergic effects.
Paracetamol has an analgesic, antipyretic and mild anti-inflammatory effect. Phenylephrine hydrochloride - sympathomimetic action, causes vasoconstriction, reduces edema and hyperemia of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses.
Chlorpheniramine maleate, a blocker of H 1 -receptors, has an anti-allergic effect, reduces the severity of local exudative manifestations, eliminates lacrimation, rhinorrhea, and reduces itching in the eyes and nose.
After oral administration, paracetamol is rapidly absorbed into the digestive tract. The maximum concentration in blood plasma is reached after 30-60 minutes. When used in a therapeutic dose, the half-life is 1–4 hours. Paracetamol is metabolized in the liver mainly by conjugation reactions. Depending on the concentration in the blood plasma, it is partially deacetylated or hydroxylated. The main route of excretion is in the urine (90-100%) for 24 hours, in the form of conjugates of glucuronides (60%), sulfates (35%) or cysteine ??(3%).
After oral administration, chlorpheniramine maleate is slowly absorbed into the gastrointestinal tract. The maximum concentration in blood plasma is reached after 2.5–6 hours; binding to blood plasma proteins - 70%. Distributed throughout the body, including the central nervous system. The half-life is 2–43 hours, the average duration of action is 4–6 hours. It has a high degree of metabolism, part of the dose taken orally is excreted in the urine unchanged or in the form of metabolites.
Phenylephrine has limited bioavailability due to insufficient absorption in the gastrointestinal tract and a presystemic effect in the intestine and liver, which is due to the action of MAO. Theraflu
Indications Theraflu Extratab:
Symptomatic short-term treatment of ARVI, accompanied by high fever, runny nose and / or nasal congestion, headache and muscle pain.
Application Theraflu Extratab:
Adults and children over the age of 12. Inside, 1 tablet every 6 hours. The tablet must be swallowed whole, without chewing and drinking water. The maximum daily dose for adults is 6 tablets per day, for children - 4 tablets per day. If there is no weakening of the symptoms of the disease within 5 days after the start of drug treatment, the drug Theraflu should be discontinued.
Contraindications Theraflu Extratab:
Hypersensitivity to drug components; severe cardiovascular disease; severe liver or kidney disease; AG; adenoma of the prostate gland with difficulty urinating; obstruction of the bladder neck; pyloroduodenal obstruction; stenosing ulcer of the stomach and duodenum; diabetes; lung disease (including asthma); angle-closure glaucoma; deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; epilepsy; During pregnancy and breastfeeding; age up to 12 years.
Side effects Theraflu Extratab:
Most common: drowsiness, dizziness, dry mouth or throat, fatigue, headache, insomnia, irritability or nervousness, tachycardia, and palpitations. Rarely (especially in children) - agitation and sleep disturbance.
From the gastrointestinal tract: nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea or flatulence.
Adverse reactions associated with the action of paracetamol: rarely - urticaria and skin rashes, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, hemolytic anemia , in isolated cases - agranulocytosis. Sometimes - hypersensitivity reactions in patients with intolerance to acetylsalicylic acid (with BA).
Adverse reactions associated with the sympathomimetic effect of phenylephrine: increased blood pressure (especially in patients with hypertension), reflex bradycardia, mydriasis. Possible effects on the endocrine and other systems involved in metabolism, urinary retention and difficulty in urination.
Adverse reactions associated with the peripheral anticholinergic effect of chlorpheniramine: dry mouth, drowsiness.
special instructions Theraflu Extratab:
Do not exceed the recommended dose or take the drug for more than 5 days in a row.
Long-term use of high-dose paracetamol , including general high dose levels, can cause nephropathy or irreversible liver failure. The simultaneous use of other preparations containing paracetamol is contraindicated .
To prevent toxic liver damage, you should not drink alcohol while taking the drug.
The drug is prescribed with caution in cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, thyroid diseases, diabetes mellitus, prostatic hyperplasia, psychosis, moderate and severe hepatic and renal failure, increased intraocular pressure, as well as liver and kidney diseases.
In the event of an expected surgical intervention, it is recommended to stop taking the drug a few days before the operation (the risk of allergic reactions increases with simultaneous use with halogen anesthetics).
Phenylephrine can lead to false positives during doping control in athletes participating in competitions.
The drug can cause drowsiness, therefore, during treatment, it is not recommended to drive vehicles and work with complex mechanisms that require increased concentration of attention and high speed of psychomotor reactions. Drowsiness can be aggravated by concomitant use with sedatives, tranquilizers or alcoholic beverages.
Since clinical experience with use during pregnancy and lactation is limited, the drug should be used only when the expected benefit outweighs the potential risk to the fetus / child.
Interactions Theraflu Extratab:
Paracetamol can interact with anticoagulants (coumarin derivatives - warfarin) and anticonvulsants.
Simultaneous use with NSAIDs may increase the risk of adverse reactions of the latter from the urinary system. Pharmacodynamic interactions with other analgesics (caffeine, opiates) have been noted.
The half-life of chloramphenicol is increased with simultaneous use with paracetamol .
Probenecid affects the metabolism of paracetamol .
The risk of developing a hepatotoxic effect of the drug increases with the simultaneous administration of rifampicin and isoniazid . Antiepileptic drugs (phenobarbital, phenytoin , carbamazepine) do not increase the risk of paracetamol hepatotoxicity .
Phenylephrine may cause undesirable reactions interaction with MAO inhibitors, blockers of ?- and ?-adrenergic receptors, antihistamines, phenothiazine derivatives (promethazine), bronchodilatory sympathomimetic agents, tricyclic antidepressants (imipramine), guanethidine or atropine, digitalis drugs, Rauwolfia alkaloids, indomethacin , methyldopa, other drugs that stimulate the central nervous system, and possibly with theophylline . In isolated cases, an increase in the vasoconstrictor effect was noted with simultaneous use with stimulants of labor and arrhythmias when used with anesthetics. A significant increase in blood pressure is possible with simultaneous intravenous administration of ergot alkaloids.
Chlorpheniramine potentiates the action of drugs with a central mechanism of action (sympathomimetics, antidepressants).
Overdose Theraflu Extratab:
Symptoms
Hepatotoxic effect, in severe cases, liver necrosis develops. The first symptoms may appear within 24–48 hours or later after an overdose and include nausea, vomiting, and epigastric pain.
Symptoms
Drowsiness, which may be followed by agitation (especially in children); visual impairment; nausea; vomiting; headache; violation of blood flow; coma; convulsions; changes in behavior; AG; bradycardia.