Acne: Causes of Skin Inflammation
Acne: Causes of Skin Inflammation
Many adolescents have acne—inflammation of the skin due to blockage of the hair follicles—which is a problem. This leads to redness and painful pimples with purulent contents, which causes aesthetic discomfort. Causes of acne can range from skin care and increased fat to internal diseases and hormonal disorders. What means will help to get rid of pimples and how to properly care for the skin?
Inflammation of the sebaceous glands: the problem of acne
Acne causes lesions in the sebaceous glands, which are located on the skin and secrete secretions that help moisturize the skin and protect it from external causes. In acne, the hair follicle orifices become blocked, the normal secretion of sebum is impaired, and inflammation develops. The result is the formation of swelling and redness, pustular head pimples. Often, they occur on the face and neck, chest and back, cause aesthetic discomfort and threaten the formation of scars and scars when trying to squeeze them out. The causes of inflammation vary, and manifestations range from small single elements to copious eruptions with marked redness and tenderness. Often acne on the skin is the result of disorders of metabolism, diseases of the endocrine system, digestion and disorders of nervous regulation. Inflammation in acne is not only a cosmetic problem, but also a reflection of the body's problems, so the approach to treatment must be comprehensive.
Pathogenesis of Acne Skin Lesion
Acne is caused by overactivity of sebaceous glands combined with overgrowth of microbes that proliferate the facial and body skin. Excess sebum accumulates at the hair follicle orifices, causing skin irritation. Organisms in these conditions cause inflammation accompanied by the formation of purulent secretions.
The process of glandular involvement occurs in stages. The increased activity of the glands leads to excess sebum production, which becomes more viscous and dense. This makes it harder to remove from the skin and creates conditions for hair follicles to block, which helps germs multiply. The dead microorganisms, epithelial particles, and sebum debris form a white head at the apex of the pimple, surrounded by inflamed and reddened skin.
Redness and swelling are defense reactions by the body to limit the spread of infection. Attempts to squeeze out the pimples may make the situation worse by spreading the bacteria to surrounding areas of skin.
What causes the appearance of acne: disease and improper skin care
Acne can result from both external factors and various internal disorders and diseases. During adolescence and young adulthood, pimples in girls and boys often result from hormonal imbalances, especially because of excess sex hormones such as testosterone. This leads to an increased activity of sebaceous glands, which produce sebum. In women, pimples may appear before menstruation, after an abortion or childbirth, and during pregnancy.
Reproductive disorders, such as polycystic ovaries, thyroid disorders, or adrenal disorders, can also cause acne in women. Digestive problems, such as colitis and gastritis, as well as disturbances of the intestinal microbial flora and unhealthy diets, including excess sweets and fats due to lack of protein and vitamins, can contribute to the development of pimples.
Pimples on the skin may indicate a disorder of the pancreas, gallbladder, or liver. They may also occur during periods of stress, decreased immunity, and neurosis.
A comprehensive approach and thorough examination are required for successful acne treatment. The first point of contact is a dermatologist-cosmetologist to identify the causes of acne, as well as extensive blood tests and consultations with specialists such as endocrinologist, gastroenterologist, and neurologist. The basis of therapy is competent skin care using specially selected cosmetics, dietary correction with carbohydrate restriction, measures to improve the general health, as well as the use of some local drugs.
A dermatologist can remove acne with specialized drugs or extractors and may prescribe drugs that decrease sebum secretion (such as vitamins A and low-dose hormones). Anti-inflammatory therapy is given, and antibiotics, both topical and oral, are used as needed. Laser treatments, cryotherapy and dermabrasion are used to smooth out scars after acne.
Comprehensive treatment of acne includes drugs to correct digestive problems, normalization of intestinal flora, and hormone balancing and sedation.
