The Effects of Melatonin on Sleep, Immunity, and Cholesterol
The Effects of Melatonin on Sleep, Immunity, and Cholesterol
In the human body, many physiological processes are regulated by hormones. For example, melatonin produced by the epiphysis plays a key role in regulating sleep, facilitating the transition from wakefulness to rest. Disorders in the production of this hormone can lead to sleep problems and other bodily dysfunctions, and there has been increased interest in its use as a pill for treatment. However, the effects of melatonin are not limited to regulating sleep alone; effects on the immune system, cholesterol levels, and other vital processes have also been found.
The epiphysis, also known as the "third eye", plays an important role in the regulation of human biological rhythms. It produces hormones in response to changes in light and dark and helps to synchronize various processes in the body according to the time of day.
During the day, the epiphysis suppresses the production of hormones that promote sleep, so that the person feels refreshed and active. As night falls, this organ becomes more active, increasing the production of hormones that prepare the body for sleep. One such hormone is melatonin.
However, the epiphysis is prone to negative environmental influences and changes in the rhythm of life. Current research suggests that in newborns, the epiphysis may shrink because of excessive artificial light, which suppresses the hormones produced in the dark. This may be due to an increase in the number of problems associated with sleep disturbances.
Melatonin: Effects on immunity and nervous system
Modern medicine is actively looking for ways to treat diseases, using the internal resources of the body. The study of hormones, their regulation and synthesis disorders is a key area of research. Melatonin, due to its unique properties, attracts the attention of scientists as a potential universal drug. It can regulate the basic needs of the person for rest and sleep, as well as protect against various pathologies.
Mechanisms of melatonin influence on immunity and nervous system have been identified. Increased levels of melatonin activate immune cells, enhancing their ability to fight viruses, bacteria, and transformed cells. It also improves the immune system’s ability to distinguish self from nonself, reducing the risk of autoimmune disorders. Therefore, studies are being done to use melatonin to stimulate immunity and treat autoimmune disorders.
The increased melatonin concentration prevents premature death of brain cells, which improves memory and mental function. Melatonin is currently of particular interest in the context of its potential use in Alzheimer's disease.
Effects of melatonin on sleep
Melatonin is primarily known for its ability to regulate sleep and wake cycles. When a person gets enough sleep and is fully rested, he feels energetic and active. Sleep is thus an effective treatment for many ailments, especially those related to overwork, lack of rest, and stress.
When night falls, the body begins to actively produce melatonin, which causes drowsiness and promotes healthy and deep sleep. However, if melatonin levels are low or production is impaired, insomnia can result.
Can I take melatonin tablets to improve sleep quality and rest?
Melatonin tablets
Drugs that contain melatonin are often used to treat sleep disorders. Years of study have found no significant risk of overdose, even at doses exceeding 10 or more times. Melatonin has been used around the world for more than 20 years, mainly to combat insomnia and jetlag, a sleep disorder caused by changing time zones.
The drug is contraindicated in children under 18 years of age, pregnant and lactating women, as well as people with immune system disorders and diabetes mellitus. All others are advised to consult a doctor before starting an appointment.
Melatonin is indicated for frequent nocturnal awakenings, difficulty falling asleep, stress and age-related insomnia, and sleep-related disturbances associated with night work or frequent travel and time zone changes.
It is usually taken just before bedtime to decrease the number of nocturnal awakenings or three hours before bedtime if falling asleep is a problem. When flying to the east, it is recommended to take melatonin for the night before departure and for four days after arrival. For flights back - after arrival within four days.
