Instructions for Erythromycin
Composition Erythromycin:
1 tab Erythromycin 250 mg
Excipients: potato starch, povidone (low molecular weight polyvinylpyrrolidone), tween-80 (polysorbate), calcium stearate.
Shell composition: collicut (methacrylic acid copolymer type C), medical castor oil, talc, titanium dioxide, polyethylene oxide 4000 (macrogol 4000), silicone emulsion CE 10-16.
Pharmacodynamics Erythromycin:
Antibiotic macrolide group. It has a bacteriostatic effect. However, in high doses, it has a bactericidal effect on sensitive microorganisms. Erythromycin reversibly binds to ribosomes of bacteria, thereby inhibiting protein synthesis. Active against gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus spp. (strains producing and not producing penicillinase), Streptococcus spp. (including Streptococcus pneumoniae); gram-negative bacteria: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Haemophilus influenzae, Bordetella pertussis, Brucella spp., Legionella spp., Bacillus anthracis, Corynebacterium diphtheriae; anaerobic bacteria: Clostridium spp. Erythromycin is also active against Mycoplasma spp., Chlamydia spp., Spirochaetaceae, Rickettsia spp. Gram-negative bacilli are resistant to erythromycin, including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella spp., Salmonella spp.
Pharmacokinetics Erythromycin:
Bioavailability is 30-65%. Distributed in most tissues and body fluids. Binding to plasma proteins is 70-90%. It is metabolized in the liver, partially with the formation of inactive metabolites. T1 / 2 - 1.4-2 hours. It is removed with bile and urine.
Side effects Erythromycin:
From the digestive system: nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, cholestatic jaundice, tenesmus, diarrhea, dysbiosis; rarely - pseudomembranous enterocolitis, impaired liver function, increased activity of hepatic transaminases, pancreatitis.
Allergic reactions: skin rash, urticaria, eosinophilia; rarely - anaphylactic shock. Effects due to chemotherapeutic action: oral candidiasis, vaginal candidiasis. From the sensory organs: reversible ototoxicity - hearing loss and / or tinnitus (when using high doses - more than 4 g /). From the cardiovascular system: rarely - tachycardia, prolongation of the QT interval on the ECG, flickering and / or atrial flutter (in patients with an extended QT interval on the ECG). Local reactions: phlebitis at the site of intravenous administration. Prescription selling features
Special conditions Erythromycin:
Use with caution in cases of impaired liver and / or kidney function. Drugs that increase the acidity of gastric juice and acidic drinks inactivate erythromycin. Erythromycin should not be washed down with milk and dairy products.
Indications Erythromycin:
Infectious and inflammatory diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to erythromycin, including diphtheria, whooping cough, trachoma, brucellosis, legionnaires disease, tonsillitis, scarlet fever, otitis media, sinusitis, cholecystitis, pneumonia, gonorrhea, syphilis. Treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases caused by pathogens (in particular, staphylococci) resistant to penicillin, tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, streptomycin. For external use: youthful acne. For topical use: infectious and inflammatory eye diseases.
Contraindications Erythromycin:
History of jaundice, severe impaired liver function, hypersensitivity to macrolides.
Drug Interactions:
With the simultaneous use of erythromycin with theophylline, aminophylline, caffeine, there is an increase in their concentration in blood plasma and thereby increases the risk of toxic effects. Erythromycin increases the concentration of cyclosporine in blood plasma and may increase the risk of nephrotoxicity.
Tubular secretion blocking drugs prolong T1 / 2 of erythromycin. Incompatible with lincomycin, clindamycin and chloramphenicol (antagonism). Erythromycin reduces the bactericidal effect of beta-lactam antibiotics (penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems). With the simultaneous use of erythromycin increases theophylline content.
With simultaneous administration with drugs metabolized in the liver (carbamazepine, valproic acid, hexobarbital, phenytoin, alfentanil, disopyramide, lovastatin, bromocriptine), the plasma concentration of these drugs may increase (it is an inhibitor of liver microsomal enzymes).
Dosage Erythromycin:
Set individually depending on the location and severity of the infection, the sensitivity of the pathogen. In adults, apply in a daily dose of 1-4 g. For children under the age of 3 months - 20-40 mg / kg /; at the age of 4 months to 18 years - 30-50 mg / kg / Frequency of use - 4 The course of treatment is 5-14 days, after the disappearance of symptoms, treatment is continued for another 2 days.
Take 1 hour before meals or 2-3 hours after eating. The solution for external use lubricates the affected areas of the skin. Ointment is applied to the affected area, and in case of eye diseases, it is laid over the lower eyelid. The dose, frequency and duration of use are determined individually.
