Instructions for Ciprofloxacin
Dosage form Ciprofloxacin:
Film-coated tablets
Composition 1 tab.
Antibiotics/ciprofloxacin 500 mg
Pharmacodynamics Ciprofloxacin:
Antimicrobial agent of a wide spectrum of action of the group of fluoroquinolones. It has a bactericidal effect. Suppresses DNA gyrase and inhibits bacterial DNA synthesis. Highly active against most gram-negative bacteria: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Haemophilus influenzae, Escherichia coli, Shigella spp., Salmonella spp., Neisseria meningitidis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Active against Staphylococcus spp. (including strains producing and not producing penicillinase, methicillin-resistant strains), some strains of Enterococcus spp., Campylobacter spp., Legionella spp., Mycoplasma spp., Chlamydia spp., Mycobacterium spp. Ciprofloxacin is active against bacteria producing beta-lactamases. Ureaplasma urealyticum, Clostridium difficile, Nocardia asteroides are resistant to Antibiotics. The action against Treponema pallidum is not well understood.
Indications Ciprofloxacin:
Infectious and inflammatory diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to ciprofloxacin, including diseases of the respiratory tract, abdominal cavity and pelvic organs, bones, joints, skin; septicemia; severe infections of the ENT organs.
Treatment of postoperative infections. Prevention and treatment of infections in patients with reduced immunity. For topical use: acute and subacute conjunctivitis, blepharoconjunctivitis, blepharitis, bacterial corneal ulcers, keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, chronic dacryocystitis, meibomites.
Infectious eye lesions after injuries or foreign bodies. Preoperative Ophthalmic Surgery Prevention
Pharmacokinetics Ciprofloxacin:
Quickly absorbed from the digestive tract. The bioavailability after oral administration is 70%. Eating slightly affects the absorption of ciprofloxacin. Binding to plasma proteins is 20-40%. It is distributed in tissues and body fluids. Penetrates into the cerebrospinal fluid: ciprofloxacin concentrations in uninflamed meninges reach 10%, in inflamed ones - up to 37%. High concentrations are achieved in bile. Excreted in urine and bile.
Ciprofloxacin Side Effects:
From the digestive system: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, increased activity of hepatic transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, LDH, bilirubin, pseudomembranous colitis. From the side of the central nervous system: headache, dizziness, tiredness, sleep disturbances, nightmares, hallucinations, fainting, visual disturbances. From the urinary system: crystalluria, glomerulonephritis, dysuria, polyuria, albuminuria, hematuria, a transient increase in serum creatinine.
From the hemopoietic system: eosinophilia, leukopenia, neutropenia, a change in the number of platelets. From the side of the cardiovascular system: tachycardia, cardiac arrhythmias, arterial hypotension. Allergic reactions: skin itching, urticaria, Quincke's edema, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, arthralgia. Adverse reactions associated with chemotherapeutic action: candidiasis. Local reactions: pain, phlebitis (with iv administration). With the use of eye drops, in some cases mild soreness and conjunctival hyperemia are possible. Other: vasculitis.
Special conditions Ciprofloxacin:
In patients with impaired renal function, a dosage regimen correction is required. It is used with caution in elderly patients, with atherosclerosis of cerebral vessels, cerebrovascular accident, epilepsy, convulsive syndrome of unclear etiology. During treatment, patients should receive a sufficient amount of fluid. In case of persistent diarrhea, Antibiotics should be discontinued. With simultaneous iv administration of ciprofloxacin and barbiturates, control of heart rate, blood pressure, ECG is necessary.
During treatment, it is necessary to control the concentration of urea, creatinine, and hepatic transaminases in the blood. During the treatment period, a decrease in reactivity is possible (especially when used simultaneously with alcohol). The introduction of ciprofloxacin subconjunctival or directly into the anterior chamber of the eye is not allowed. Antibiotics
Drug Interactions Ciprofloxacin:
With the simultaneous use of ciprofloxacin with didanosine, the absorption of ciprofloxacin decreases due to the formation of ciprofloxacin complexones with aluminum and magnesium buffers contained in didanosine. With simultaneous use with warfarin, the risk of bleeding increases.
With the simultaneous use of Antibiotics and theophylline, it is possible to increase the concentration of theophylline in blood plasma, an increase in T1 / 2 of theophylline, which leads to an increased risk of developing toxic effects associated with theophylline. The simultaneous administration of antacids, as well as drugs containing aluminum, zinc, iron or magnesium ions, can cause a decrease in the absorption of ciprofloxacin, so the interval between the appointment of these drugs should be at least 4 hours.
Dosage Ciprofloxacin:
Individual. Inside - 250-750 mg 2 Duration of treatment - from 7-10 days to 4 weeks. For iv administration, a single dose is 200-400 mg, the frequency of administration is 2; the duration of treatment is 1-2 weeks, if necessary and more. It is possible to administer iv in a jet, but more preferably, droplet administration for 30 minutes.
When applied topically, 1-2 drops are instilled into the lower conjunctival sac of the affected eye every 1-4 hours. After improvement, the intervals between instillations can be increased. The maximum daily dose for adults when taken orally is 1.5 g.
