Composition:
1 dose contains 100 mcg of salbutamol (in the form of salbutamol sulfate).
Pharmachologic effect:
Salbutamol is a selective agonist of b2-adrenergic receptors.
In therapeutic doses, it acts on the b2-adrenergic receptors of the smooth muscles of the bronchi, with little or no effect on the b1-adrenergic receptors of the myocardium.
Indications:
Bronchial asthma
- relief of bronchial asthma attacks, including with exacerbation of severe bronchial asthma;
- prevention of bronchospasm attacks associated with exposure to an allergen or caused by physical exertion;
- use as one of the components for long-term maintenance therapy of bronchial asthma.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), accompanied by reversible airway obstruction, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
Pregnancy and lactation
With lactation and pregnancy, the drug is prescribed only in cases where the expected benefit to the mother exceeds any possible risk to the fetus.
Salbutamol is likely to pass into breast milk, therefore it is not recommended for lactating women to take it, unless the expected benefit to the mother outweighs any potential risk to the baby.
It is not known whether salbutamol present in breast milk has any negative effect on a newborn baby.
Contraindications:
- Threatening abortion.
- Hypersensitivity to any component of the drug.
- Management of premature birth.
- Children's age up to 2 years.
Side effects:
Salbutamol can cause mild skeletal muscle tremor, which is usually most pronounced in the hands and is a characteristic side effect of all b2-adrenergic agonists. Occasionally, patients experience headache, peripheral vasodilation, and a slight compensatory increase in heart rate.
Very rarely, hypersensitivity reactions develop (including angioedema, urticaria, bronchospasm, arterial hypotension and collapse), muscle cramps, tachycardia.
Inhaled drugs can cause paradoxical bronchospasm. Paradoxical bronchospasm must be immediately stopped using another dosage form of salbutamol or another fast-acting inhaled bronchodilator. You should immediately stop using the Ventolin inhaler, evaluate the patient's condition, conduct the necessary examination and prescribe the appropriate therapy.
Inhaled drugs can cause irritation of the oral mucosa and pharynx.
Beta2-adrenergic agonist therapy sometimes causes hypokalemia, which can be a serious danger to the patient.
Like other beta2-adrenergic agonists, salbutamol can occasionally cause mental arousal and increased motor activity in children.
In patients with a predisposition to the development of arrhythmias, salbutamol can cause heart rhythm disturbances, including atrial fibrillation, supraventricular tachycardia and extrasystole.
Interaction:
It is not recommended to use salbutamol and non-selective b-adrenergic receptor blockers, such as propranolol, at the same time.
Salbutamol is not contraindicated in patients who receive monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs).
How to take, course of administration and dosage:
Ventolin metered-dose aerosol is intended for inhaled administration only.
Only a doctor can solve the issue of increasing the dose or frequency of use of the drug.
It is not recommended to use the Ventolin inhaler more than 4 times a day. The need for frequent use of maximum doses of Ventolin or for a sudden increase in dose indicates a worsening of the course of the disease.
Adults (including elderly patients)
Stopping an attack of bronchospasm: the recommended dose is 100-200 mcg (1-2 inhalations).
Prevention of bronchospasm attacks associated with exposure to an allergen or caused by physical exertion: the recommended dose is 200 mcg (2 inhalations) 10-15 minutes before exposure to a provoking factor.
Long-term maintenance therapy: the recommended dose is up to 200 mcg (2 inhalations) 4 times a day.
Ventolin can be entered through the spacer 'Volumatic'.
Children
Stopping an attack of bronchospasm: the recommended dose is 100-200 mcg (1-2 inhalations).
Prevention of bronchospasm attacks associated with exposure to an allergen or caused by physical exertion: the recommended dose is 100-200 micrograms (1-2 inhalations) 10-15 minutes before exposure to a provoking factor.
Long-term maintenance therapy: the recommended dose is up to 200 mcg (2 inhalations) 4 times a day.
Ventolin can be entered through the spacer 'Baby Behaler' or 'Volumatic'.
Overdose:
With an overdose of salbutamol, the best antidotes are cardioselective b-blockers.
However, b-adrenergic blockers must be used with caution in patients with a history of bronchospasm attacks.
The use of large doses of salbutamol may
Special instructions:
Salbutamol should be used with caution in patients with thyrotoxicosis. Therapy with b2-adrenoreceptor agonists, especially when administered parenterally or with a nebulizer, can lead to hypokalemia.
Particular caution is recommended in the treatment of severe asthma attacks, since in these cases hypokalemia may increase as a result of the simultaneous use of xanthine derivatives, glucocorticosteroids, diuretics, and also due to hypoxia. In such situations, it is necessary to control the level of potassium in the blood serum.
Patients should be instructed on the proper use of the Ventolin inhaler. Bronchodilators should not be the only or main component of the treatment of bronchial asthma of an unstable or severe course.
If the action of the usual dose of Ventolin becomes less effective or less prolonged (the effect of the drug should last at least 3 hours), the patient should consult a doctor.
The increased need for the use of inhaled agonists of b2-adrenergic receptors with a short duration of action to control the symptoms of bronchial asthma indicates an exacerbation of the disease. In such cases, the patient's treatment plan should be reviewed.
A sudden and progressive worsening of bronchial asthma can pose a threat to the patient’s life, so in such situations it is urgent to decide on the appointment or increase in the dose of glucocorticosteroids. In such patients, it is recommended to monitor peak expiratory flow daily.
Very high doses of salbutamol can lead to the development of adverse reactions, so only a doctor can solve the issue of increasing the dose or frequency of use of the drug.
Patients using Ventolin Nebula at home should be warned that if the effect of the usual dose becomes less effective or less prolonged, you can not independently increase the dose or frequency of administration of the drug, but you should immediately consult a doctor.
Ventolin Nebula should be used with caution in patients who have already taken high doses of other sympathomimetics.
